Treatment	Mechanism	Effectiveness
Endermologie	Mechanical massage	Temporary, costly
Liposuction	Fat removal	Poor results for cellulite
Subcision	Breaks fibrous bands	Temporary improvement
Mesotherapy	Injects fat-dissolving agents	Variable results, risk of scarring
Radiofrequency	Breaks down fat, tightens skin	Limited benefit
Ultrasound therapy	Destroys fat cells	Unclear efficacy
Laser-assisted lipolysis	Targets fat deposits	Debatable effectiveness
Cryolipolysis	Freezes fat cells	More research needed

Topical Treatments

Notes:

Cellulite = harmless, but a common cosmetic concern
Weight loss may not improve cellulite appearance
No highly effective treatment; subcision, radiofrequency, & retinoids show modest benefit
Many options lack strong evidence

Cellulite

Definition

Aetiology & Risk Factors

Genetics (family history)
Hormones (insulin and others can increase fat deposition)
Sex: More common in women
Ethnicity: Higher frequency in Caucasian women
Diet: High-carbohydrate intake may worsen cellulite
Obesity: More visible with a higher BMI
Weight fluctuations: Can worsen or occasionally improve the appearance of cellulite
Lifestyle: Prolonged sitting or standing can aggravate it
Pregnancy: Hormonal and fluid changes can increase cellulite

Management

Weight Loss
- May help in overweight individuals
- Does not consistently improve the appearance of cellulite

Other Treatment Options

Treatment	Mechanism	Effectiveness
Endermologie	Mechanical deep massage	Temporary improvements, costly
Liposuction	Surgical fat removal	Poor results specifically for cellulite
Subcision	Breaks fibrous connective tissue bands	Often yields temporary improvement
Mesotherapy	Injects “fat-dissolving” agents	Variable results, risk of scarring/infection
Radiofrequency	Breaks down fat, tightens skin	Limited benefit; requires multiple sessions
Ultrasound Therapy	Destroys fat cells	Unclear efficacy, more studies needed
Laser-Assisted Lipolysis	Targets small fat deposits	Debatable effectiveness
Cryolipolysis	Freezes fat cells	More research needed

Topical Treatments

Retinoids: Improve collagen synthesis and skin elasticity over time
Other creams: Containing aminophylline or caffeine; results are variable and often temporary

Notes

Cellulite is harmless and very common.
Weight loss alone may not significantly change the appearance of cellulite.
No single highly effective treatment exists; subcision, radiofrequency, and topical retinoids can offer modest benefits.
Many treatment options lack strong evidence for long-term efficacy.

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